![]() The experiment officially started when "prisoners" were arrested by real Palo Alto police. Those volunteers selected to be "guards" were given uniforms specifically to de-individuate them, and instructed to prevent prisoners from escaping. Critics have questioned the validity of these methods. Participants were recruited from the local community with an ad in the newspapers offering $15 per day to male students who wanted to participate in a "psychological study of prison life." Volunteers were chosen after assessments of psychological stability, and then randomly assigned to being prisoners or prison guards. ![]() Stanford University psychology professor Philip Zimbardo led the research team who administered the study. It was a two-week simulation of a prison environment that examined the effects of situational variables on participants' reactions and behaviors. The Stanford prison experiment ( SPE) was a psychological experiment conducted in the summer of 1971. ![]() Plaque at the location of the Stanford prison experiment ![]()
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